Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis in Second Language Acquisition Research

Authors

  • Muzaffar Hussain University of Essex

Keywords:

Second language acquisition, Interpretative phenomenological analysis, Phenomenology, Hermeneutics, Idiography, Purposive sampling, Semi-structured interview

Abstract

Second language researchers are interested in understanding the complex process of adult second language learners. They apply various theoretical frameworks and models to explore and understand the phenomenon of second- or third-language learning. In this paper, we aim to introduce and propose a relatively new qualitative approach to examine the phenomenon of second-language learning. By doing this, we offer a fresh perspective on second-language learning through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). We argue that IPA, as a qualitative research design, has the potential to uncover the complex phenomenon of second language learning among adults. The use of IPA in SLA research can be beneficial in underscoring the subjective experiences of adult learners. This paper aims to help new IPA users comprehend some fundamental principles.

References

Alaszewski, A. (2006). Using Diaries for Social Research. SAGE.

Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2018). Doing Interviews (Vol. 2). SAGE.

Elliot, D. L., Baumfield, V., & Reid, K. (2016). Searching for ‘a third space’: A creative pathway towards international PhD students’ academic acculturation. Higher Education Research & Development, 35(6), 1180–1195.

Hussain, M. (2014). Cross linguistic variation in the gestures accompanying manner of motion event descriptions by native speakers of English and Urdu. Balochistan Journal of Linguistics, 2, 139–167.

Krashen, S. (1981). Second language acquisition. Second Language Learning, 3(7), 19–39.

Lantolf, J. P., & Beckett, T. G. (2009). Sociocultural theory and second language acquisition. Language Teaching, 42(4), 459–475.

Larkin, M., Shaw, R., & Flowers, P. (2019). Multiperspectival designs and processes in interpretative phenomenological analysis research. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 16(2), 182–198.

Manzoor, R., & Malik, N. (2014). The acquisition of pragmatic competence and implications for Critical Period Hypothesis. Balochistan Journal of Linguistics, 2, 96–138.

Pietkiewicz, I., & Smith, J. A. (2014). A practical guide to using interpretative phenomenological analysis in qualitative research psychology. Psychological Journal, 20(1), 7–14.

Rafi, A., Rehman, M. A., Hussain, M., & Arslan, A. (2024). Consumer–Brand Relationship Research: Emerging Knowledge Clusters and Future Research Directions. In Consumer Brand Relationships in Tourism: An International Perspective (pp. 449–465). Springer.

Rehman, M. A., Oikarinen, E., & Söderlund, M. (2025). Understanding the Sources of Happiness in an Extended Tourism Context: A Longitudinal Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. International Journal of Tourism Research, 27(5), e70139.

Selinker, L. (1972). INTERLANGUAGE. 10(1–4), 209–232. https://doi.org/10.1515/iral.1972.10.1-4.209

Smith, J. A. (1996). Beyond the divide between cognition and discourse: Using interpretative phenomenological analysis in health psychology. Psychology and Health, 11(2), 261–271.

Smith, J. A., Larkin, M., & Flowers, P. (2021). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. Sage Publications.

Smith, J. A., & Nizza, I. E. (2022). Essentials of interpretative phenomenological analysis. American Psychological Association.

Tuffour, I. (2017). A critical overview of interpretative phenomenological analysis: A contemporary qualitative research approach. Journal of Healthcare Communications, 2(4), 52.

Van Manen, M. (2016). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. Routledge.

Willig, C. (2013). EBOOK: introducing qualitative research in psychology. McGraw-hill education (UK).

Willis, R. K., & Harvey, S. (2025). Doing interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) in applied linguistics research: A field-specific guide. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, 4(3), 100279.

Published

14-12-2025

How to Cite

Hussain, M. (2025). Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis in Second Language Acquisition Research. Balochistan Journal of Linguistics, 13, 12. Retrieved from https://journals.luawms.edu.pk/bjl/article/view/116